Ntau tshaj 4000 xyoo dhau los, Tuam Tshoj tau ua cov tais diav thiab tooj liab los ntawm av nplaum uas tsis muaj impurities tsawg. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Han Dynasty (AD 25-220), av nplaum refractories tau siv los ua cov khoom siv kiln thiab saggers rau tua plooj (porcelain). Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, refractories tau tsim rau siab purity, siab ceev thiab ultra-siab kub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, amorphous refractories thiab high refractory fibers (siv nyob rau hauv industrial kilns saum 1600 ℃) tsis muaj firing thiab tsawg zog noj. Cov qub, xws li alumina refractory pob zeb, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv lub puab phab ntsa ntawm lub thib ob reformer ntawm hluavtaws ammonia nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv loj tshuaj nroj tsuag, thiab cov nyhuv yog zoo. Txij li thaum xyoo 1950, nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm atomic zog thev naus laus zis, thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis thiab kev tsim kho hluav taws xob tshiab, nws yuav tsum siv cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb refractory nrog kub tsis kam, corrosion kuj, thermal shock kuj thiab corrosion kuj, xws li oxide, zirconia, refractory tebchaw nrog melting point siab tshaj 2000 ℃ thiab siab kub composite refractories. Refractories nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nruab nrab hnub nyoog thiab Renaissance, refractories rau blast furnaces, coke ncu thiab kub moj tej tawg qhov cub ua ntej thiab tom qab lub industrial kiv puag ncig, tshiab refractories thiab lawv manufacturing technology nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no lig, niaj hnub refractories manufacturing technology thiab nws lub ntsiab technological kev vam meej, raws li zoo raws li zoo li lub zeem muag ntawm kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm refractories. Refractories tshwm sim ua ke nrog high-temperature technology, Roughly originated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hnub nyoog bronze. Thaum lub sij hawm Eastern Han Dynasty, av nplaum refractory tau siv los ua cov khoom siv kiln thiab sagger. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, refractories tau tsim rau siab purity, siab ceev thiab ultra-siab kub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, amorphous refractories thiab refractory fibers uas tsis muaj sintering thiab tsawg zog noj tshwm sim.
Tam sim no, nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm atomic zog technology, chaw technology thiab tshiab zog technology, refractories nrog kub tsis kam, corrosion kuj, thermal poob siab kuj thiab yaig kuj tau lug siv. Ntau lub Hoobkas hauv Suav teb tsim cov khoom siv refractory. Tuam Tshoj yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov peev txheej. Nws yog vim li no uas cov tub lag luam loj txawv teb chaws tuaj rau Suav teb los qhia lawv cov txuj ci. Nyob rau hauv Northeast Tuam Tshoj, muaj coob tus neeg muag khoom refractory, uas ua rau lwm tus neeg ua lag luam txawv teb chaws nug lawv cov nqi xa tawm qis. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 2003, lub EU tso rau pem hauv ntej anti-dumping ntsuas tawm tsam Tuam Tshoj' cov khoom tshiab refractory, txwv cov khoom xa tawm mus rau EU. Hauv xyoo 2006, txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov poob loj ntawm cov khoom siv raw, Tuam Tshoj tau txo thiab zam cov nqi se rov qab rau qee qhov kev lag luam, uas txwv kev xa tawm cov khoom lag luam zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tuaj yeem txwv kev muag khoom ntawm qee lub npe txawv teb chaws mus rau qhov zoo, vim tias lawv muaj ntau xyoo lossis ntau pua xyoo ntawm kev muag khoom thiab kev tsim khoom, tau ua lag luam zoo heev thiab tsim lawv cov txiaj ntsig rau txhua lub teb chaws.
1. Txhim kho qib ntawm kev siv cov peev txheej thiab lav lub peev xwm.
Los ntawm 2015, high-end refractories yuav pib nws tus kheej txaus, nrog rau kev siv tus nqi ntawm magnesite cov peev txheej tsis tsawg dua 90% thiab cov av nplaum refractory tsis tsawg dua 80%. Los ntawm 2020, kev siv dav dav ntawm ob qhov peev txheej ntxhia yuav siab dua 95% thiab 90% feem.
2. Txhim khu kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo qis emission.
Los ntawm 2015, lub zog efficiency ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj yuav mus txog qib I, kev siv hluav taws xob zoo ntawm cov khoom loj yuav raug txo los ntawm ntau dua 20% piv nrog rau xyoo 2010, tag nrho cov emission ntawm sulfur dioxide thiab nitrogen oxides yuav raug txo los ntawm ntau dua. ntau dua 8% thiab 10% feem ntau piv nrog xyoo 2010, thiab qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom siv refractory tom qab siv yuav tsis tsawg dua 50%. Los ntawm 2020, tus nqi rov qab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg refractory yuav ncav cuag ntau dua 75%.
3. Txhim kho kev lag luam concentration.
Los ntawm 2015, 2-3 rooj tog tuam txhab uas muag nrog kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb yuav raug tsim thiab ntau lub hauv paus kev ua qauv qhia yuav raug tsim. Kev lag luam concentration ntawm kaum lub lag luam saum toj kawg nkaus yuav ncav cuag 25%. Los ntawm 2020, kev lag luam concentration ntawm kaum lub tuam txhab yuav nce mus rau 45%.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm refractories suav nrog kev sib xws, poob qis, fluidity, plasticity, cohesiveness, resilience, coagulability, hardenability, thiab lwm yam.
