Cov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov hluav taws xob hauv cov hluav taws xob hauv cov hluav taws xob feem ntau yog nce ntxiv, vim yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsis tshua muaj cement thiab cov qib siab uas tsis tshua sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov cuab yeej castable. Cov low-cement refractory castable nrog aluminate MAAs raws li tus binder feem ntau siv. Nyob rau hauv alumina-cement-bonded refractory castable, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom yog susceptible rau ib txhia kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm curing txheej txheem tom qab kev tsim kho. Qhov tshwm sim ua rau cov nplais yuav tsum tau cov hmoov tawm thiab ua kom tawm, thiab qhov hnyav ncaj qha ua rau lub cev ntsuab tsis poob lub zog thiab ua rau lub cev qhuav dej. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov nplua loj hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv castable prefabricated, nws yog ib qho loj poob. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv view ntawm no phenomenon, qhov kev puas tsuaj mechanism yog soj ntsuam, thiab cov tswv yim thiab countermeasures kom tsis txhob los yog txo qhov puas tsuaj ntawm castables formulated.
1 Refractory castable nto puas phenomenon
Raws li tau hais, qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob tawg ntawm cov hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau xa mus rau qhov chaw ntim ntawm lub pob zeb uas tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm los ntawm kev siv cov yeeb yaj kiab tom qab qhov kawg ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg hauv kev tsim tawm thiab siv, uas yuav tshwm sim rau kev ua tiav ntawm tag nrho castable. Muaj ntau hom kev qhia, tab sis hauv cov ntsiab lus, nws yuav tsum muab sau ua ke hauv cov ncauj lus nram no.
(1) Feem ntau ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tua tom qab tom qab kev tsim cov castables, thiab feem ntau pom zoo rau cov huab cua puag ncig (xws li kub, av noo, thiab lwm yam) thaum uas kho.
(2) Qhov tshwm sim feem ntau tshwm sim hauv aluminate xis mas ua ke, thiab zoo sib xws tshwm sim hauv qee lub magnesia castables. Lub ntsiab kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no yog lub aluminate xis mas ua ke tsim qhov system.
(3) Nws yog feem ntau pib los ntawm kev tsim ib qho dawb dawb ntawm lub plhaub ntawm lub plhaub npog, los yog zuj zus ib co npliag npia dawb: ces qhov chaw dawb los sis cov nplwv los npliag tseem mus rau tag nrho ntawm qhov chaw seem: raws li kev kho nce, qhov saum npoo yog ziab. Ntses nplai-zoo li chais, los yog cov phom daim phuam, uas ua rau lub zog qis ntawm qhov seem. Cov neeg feem ntau xa mus rau qhov tshwm sim no ua "rov qab rau alkali phenomenon"
(4) Qee qhov kev puas tsuaj loj heev yuav loj hlob ntawm lub vov xaum ntawm lub pob zeb, uas ua rau txo qis zog ntawm lub cev, uas tsis tuaj yeem siv tom qab. Thaum nws yog qhov loj tshwj xeeb, lub cev raug muab pov tseg nws lub dag lub zog thiab lub cev nws tus kheej-pulverized thiab disintegrated.
2 Kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov ua rau ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob tawg
2.1 Cov hluav taws xob ntws los ntawm "alkali impurities"
Hauv kev tsim qauv ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, cov cement thiab sodium salt admixtures tag nrho muaj cov kua tshuaj kua ntsev, thiab qhov kev txwv tseem qhia txog sodium ions, thaum cov cement tsub ntxiv, qhov alkalinity ntawm lub system nce, thiab muaj ntau kuj muaj ntau cov dej ntxhua hauv cov dej, thiab cov kev tshua muaj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xub ntiag ntawm cov dej no.
Lub tshuaj alkali nyob rau hauv lub castable yog hydrolyzed, reacts nrog carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv cov huab cua los tsim carbonate, thiab cement hydrates, thiab ob yuav mus ntxiv. Nruam kev zuj zus ntawm calcification.
Tsuav yog muaj cement hydration khoom, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no yuav tsum tau tig, qhov khoom yuav ua rau nws lub dag zog, thiab castable lub cev yuav puas ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud.
Muaj cov kua tshuaj alkali nyob hauv lub castable nce cov dej ntawm CO2 thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai. Qhov ntau dua qhov alkalinity ntawm lub cev, ntau cov dej phij ntxhab theem, qhov txiaj ntsim ntau qhov tshwm sim yog.
2.2 Kev ntsuas kub thiab qhov av rau kev kho
Tom qab castable cam khwb cia, qhov kub kub yog 15-20 ° C. Qhov loj precast thaiv yuav nkag mus rau qhov tsawg kub kiln rau curing ntawm 30-35 ° C rau kev nce ntawm kev kho lub zog. Tom qab kev soj ntsuam, qhov kub kub ntawd tuaj yeem txhim khu tsis tau. Lub zog thiab kev pabcuam lub neej, as Well as qhov tshwm sim ntawm chalking nyob rau saum npoo ntawm qhov dawb, yog correspondingly txo. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau hais tias qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub cev ntsuab yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, qhov ntau dua cov av noo, nws yooj yim dua yog ntub dej ntawm lub plhaub hauv lub castable lub cev. Raws li kev ntub dej, cov dissociation ntawm soluble alkali hauv castable yog yooj yim dua, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv 2.1 saum toj no nyuab dua smoothly.
2.3 Feem ntau ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev ntsuab
Qhov ceev ntawm lub cev ntsuab tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj uas ua rau lub plawv ntawm lub castable. Thaum lub zog ntawm lub cev ntsuab tsis tshua, qhov porosity nce, thiab carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yuav diffuse rau hauv dawb paug yooj yim, ua rau kev puas tsuaj. Qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim, ua rau lub cev ntsuab yuav tsum tau decomposed thiab pulverized los ntawm qhov chaw thiab sab hauv.
2.4 Feem cuam ntawm kev siv dej thiab dej ntxiv
Thawj lub zog thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov castables muaj feem xyuam nrog kev tsim dej thiab siv dej ntxiv. Kev tsim kho dej yuav tsum raug siv los tiv thaiv kev siv dej, dej alkali thiab lwm yam khoom siv dej phwj tuaj thiab dej khib nyiab, yuav tsum siv cov dej haus hauv tsev neeg, nce dej npaum li cas Qhov kev tsim kho kev ua tau zoo dua, tab sis nws muaj qee qhov kev cuam tshuam rau pib lub zog thiab qhov ceev ntawm lub cev ntsuab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov dej yuav ua rau cov dej tsis haum, thiab nws yog qhov yooj yim kom lub ntsej muag ntawm lub cev ntsuab pulverize. Tswj cov dej ntau ntxiv, nws yog qhov nyuaj ua kom tiav cov kev cai ntawm kev tsim kho, yog li cov dej ntxiv rau kev tsim kho kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsim kev puas tsuaj.
